![]() ![]() ![]() There might be decreases in freedom in the rest of the universe, but the sum of the increase and decrease must result in a net increase. The freedom in that part of the universe may increase with no change in the freedom of the rest of the universe. Statistical Entropy - Mass, Energy, and Freedom The energy or the mass of a part of the universe may increase or decrease, but only if there is a corresponding decrease or increase somewhere else in the universe.Qualitatively, entropy is simply a measure how much the energy of atoms and molecules become more spread out in a process and can be defined in terms of statistical probabilities of a system or in terms of the other thermodynamic quantities. Statistical Entropy Entropy is a state function that is often erroneously referred to as the 'state of disorder' of a system.Phase Change, gas expansions, dilution, colligative properties and osmosis. Although all forms of energy can be used to do work, it is not possible to use the entire available energy for work. ![]() The more disordered a system and higher the entropy, the less of a system's energy is available to do work. Entropy also describes how much energy is not available to do work. Simple Entropy Changes - Examples Several Examples are given to demonstrate how the statistical definition of entropy and the 2nd law can be applied. Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system.A microstate is one of the huge number of different accessible arrangements of the molecules' motional energy* for a particular macrostate. Instead, they are two very different ways of looking at a system. Microstates Dictionaries define “macro” as large and “micro” as very small but a macrostate and a microstate in thermodynamics aren't just definitions of big and little sizes of chemical systems.“Disorder” was the consequence, to Boltzmann, of an initial “order” not - as is obvious today - of what can only be called a “prior, lesser but still humanly-unimaginable, large number of accessible microstate On the other, a change in entropy is easy to determine. Unlike P, V, and T, which are quite easy to measure, the entropy of a system is difficult to calculate. A container of ideal gas has an entropy value, just as it has a pressure, a volume, and a temperature. it was his surprisingly simplistic conclusion: if the final state is random, the initial system must have been the opposite, i.e., ordered. The symbol for entropy is S, and the units are J/K. ‘Disorder’ in Thermodynamic Entropy Boltzmann’s sense of “increased randomness” as a criterion of the final equilibrium state for a system compared to initial conditions was not wrong. ![]()
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